فکرِ اقبال کے تناظر میں مذہبی رواداری اور ہم آہنگی

Religious Tolerance and Harmony in the Context of Iqbal's Thought

Abstract

This article explores the role of religion as a dynamic force in human civilisation, moving beyond mere rituals to provide a comprehensive spiritual and social framework (Deen). The author posits that the modern crisis of spiritual void and "organised materialism" can only be rectified by a religious thought-system that subordinates matter to spirit, providing the soul with unity and tranquillity.

A significant portion of the paper is dedicated to Allama Iqbal’s vision of Islamic universalism. The author contrasts the Islamic concept of the "Unity of Man" (Millat-e-Adam) with the secular "League of Nations," arguing that the former offers a superior ethical foundation for global peace. Through an analysis of Iqbal’s poetry (notably Zarb-e-Kaleem and Javid Nama) and his 1930 Allahabad Address, the article highlights the poet-philosopher’s commitment to human dignity (Ihteram-e-Adam), tolerance, and the protection of non-Muslim rights as divinely mandated duties.

The study further discusses the Quranic "Triad of Civilisation"—Book (Knowledge), Balance (Justice), and Iron (Power)—emphasising that global stability requires a synthesis of these elements. It concludes that genuine inter-faith harmony is achievable by focusing on "common terms" (Kalimatun Sawa) between religions, advocating for a world where humanity is viewed as a single family (Khalq-ullah), free from the shackles of racial, linguistic, and sectarian prejudice.